Includes index

Chapter 1 Numbers, Management, and Statistics 2 --
Section 1 The Definition of Statistics 4 --
Section 2 Steps in a Statistical Investigation 6 --
Section 3 Statistics at Work in Business and Industry 9 --
Section 4 Sources and Types of Data 13 --
Data Sources 13 --
Data Types 18 --
Chapter 2 The Organization and Display of Data 26 --
Section 1 Organizing and Presenting Data 28 --
Beginning the Study 29 --
Gathering the Data 29 --
Organizing and Presenting the Data 30 --
Recommending Action 32 --
Sections 2 Stem Plots and Dot Plots 36 --
Section 3 Graphs and Charts 39 --
Line Graphs 40 --
Ogives 42 --
Density Curves 45 --
Bar Graphs 47 --
Pareto Charts 49 --
Pie Charts 51 --
Section 4 Using the Computer 52 --
A Line Graph 52 --
A Bar Graph 53 --
A Pareto Chart 53 --
A Pie Chart 55 --
Chapter 3 Central Tendency and Variation 64 --
Section 1 Measures of Central Tendency 66 --
The Arithmetic Mean 66 --
The Median 71 --
The Mode 73 --
Section 2 Measures of Variation 80 --
The Range 81 --
The Variance and Standard Deviation 83 --
The Coefficient of Variation 86 --
Section 3 Percentiles, Quartiles, and the Interquartile Range 91 --
Percentiles and Quartiles 91 --
The Interquartile Range 94 --
Section 4 The Shape of a Distribution 98 --
Section 5 The Empirical Rule 103 --
Section 6 Using the Computer 105 --
Appendix The Summation Operator 119 --
Chapter 4 The Laws of Chance 122 --
Section 1 The Language of Probability 124 --
Section 2 Two Definitions of Probability 126 --
Section 3 Events and Probability 130 --
Dependence and Independence 131 --
Mutually Exclusive and Exhaustive Events 133 --
Section 4 Some Laws of Probability 137 --
The Law of Addition 137 --
The Law of Multiplication 139 --
Chapter 5 Probability Distributions 146 --
Section 1 Random Variables 148 --
Section 2 The Binomial Probability Distribution 155 --
Section 3 The Poisson Probability Distribution 165 --
Section 4 The Normal Probability Distribution 171 --
Section 5 Approximating the Binomial Distribution 183 --
Using the Normal Approximation 183 --
Using the Poisson Approximation 186 --
Chapter 6 Sampling Distributions and Sampling 196 --
Section 1 The Sampling Distribution of the Mean 198 --
Section 2 The Sampling Distribution of the Proportion 207 --
Section 3 The Finite Population Correction Factor 209 --
Section 4 Types of Samples 212 --
Convenience Samples 212 --
Judgment Samples 213 --
Simple Random Samples 213 --
Systematic Random Samples 214 --
Stratified Random Samples 216 --
Cluster Samples 217 --
Chapter 7 Estimation 222 --
Section 1 Point Estimates 224 --
Unbiased Estimators 224 --
Consistent Estimators 225 --
Section 2 Confidence Intervals 229 --
Large Samples 232 --
Small Samples 236 --
Section 3 Determination of Sample Size 241 --
Sample Sizes for Estimating an Average 244 --
Sample Sizes for Estimating a Proportion 246 --
A Poll on Health Care 247 --
Section 4 Using the Computer to Estimate 250 --
Making Large-Sample Estimates by Computer 250 --
Getting a Samll-Sample Confidence Interval by Computer 252 --
Chapter 8 Hypothesis Testing and Decision Making Using Means 260 --
Section 1 The Nature of Hypothesis Testing 262 --
Section 2 Tests About Single Means 266 --
Large Samples 266 --
Small Samples 271 --
Section 3 Comparison of Means from Independent Samples 275 --
Large Samples 276 --
Small Samples 277 --
Section 4 Inference, Decision Making, and Statistical Process Control 284 --
Section 5 Computers and p Values 290 --
Large Samples 290 --
Small Samples 292 --
Chapter 9 Hypothesis Testing and Decision Making for Categorical Data 300 --
Section 1 Tests of Single Proportions 302 --
Section 2 General Analysis of Proportions, Counts, and Chi-Square 308 --
Comparing Two Proportions 309 --
Testing for Several Proportions 311 --
Section 3 Goodness-of-Fit Tests 316 --
Section 4 Contingency Table Analysis Using Chi-Square 319 --
Section 5 Using the Computer to Solve Chi-Square Problems 323 --
Using Excel 323 --
Using Minitab 324 --
Chapter 10 Regression and Correlation 330 --
Section 1 Scatterplots 332 --
Association and Causation 333 --
Errors in Specification, Errors in Measurement, and Sampling Error 335 --
Section 2 Simple Linear Regression 342 --
Section 3 The Standard Error of Estimate 354 --
Section 4 Coefficients of Correlation and Determination 357 --
Section 5 Forecasting with Simple Regression Models 366 --
The Uses and Limitations of Predictions Based on Models 367 --
Prediction Intervals 367 --
Confidence Intervals 369 --
Section 6 Assessing the Significance of Slope Estimates 374 --
Two-Tailed Tests 374 --
One-Tailed Tests 375 --
Confidence Intervals for Slope Estimates 376 --
Section 7 Using the Computer for Regression Analysis 380 --
Using Excel for Regression Analysis 380 --
Using Minitab for Simple Linear Regression 381 --
Chapter 11 Multiple Regression and Time Series Analysis 394 --
Section 1 The Mathematical Structure of Multiple Regression 396 --
Section 2 Calculating and Interpreting Multiple Regression Equations 397 --
Using Excel 398 --
Using Minitab 400 --
Section 3 Improving the Regression Model 405 --
A Variable Selection Criterion: Adjusted r[superscript 2] 405 --
Indicator Variables 407 --
Section 4 Residual Analysis: Spotting Potential Problems 408 --
Looking for Linearity 409 --
Looking for Homoscedasticity 410 --
Looking for Normality 410 --
Looking for Serial Correlation 411 --
Quick Fixes for Regression Problems 412 --
Section 5 Multicollinearity 412 --
Section 6 Forecasting with a Multiple Regression Model 413 --
Section 7 Time Series Analysis 417 --
Components of the Classical Time Series Model 417 --
Forecasting with Smoothing Techniques 419 --
Comparing Forecasting Methods 422 --
Adjusting for Seasonal Data 423 --
Forecasting Using Trend and Seasonal Factors 426.